RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Parasites are a public health problem due to their high prevalence in developing countries, their persistence in developed countries mainly due to the migration of people, and their associated morbidity and mortality. AIM: To determine the deaths in Chile caused by endemic and imported parasites; according to region, sex, age group, urban-rural origin and educational level, and mortality rates. METHOD: Population-based study, times series of mortality (1997 to 2020). Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and R Studio programs, calculation of χ2, p value < 0.05. RESULTS: 2,413 deaths occurred due to parasites, 65.1% by protozoa, 33% by helminths and 1.9% by arthropods. The average national mortality rate was 0.6 per 100.000 inhabitants. The main causes of death were Chagas disease (63.6%), hydatidosis (24.3%) and cysticercosis (8.1%). Most of the deceased belonged to the Coquimbo Region. The mean age of death was 74, 62 and 67 years old for deaths from protozoa, helminths and arthropods, respectively. Deaths occurred mostly in men. Most came from urban areas and had a low educational level. CONCLUSIONS: Chagas disease is the main cause of death from parasites in Chile.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas , Equinococose , Chile/epidemiologia , Equinococose/epidemiologia , Escolaridade , Humanos , Masculino , População RuralRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: Las parasitosis son un problema de salud pública mundial por su alta prevalencia en países en vías de desarrollo, su persistencia en países desarrollados debido principalmente por la migración de personas, y por su morbi-mortalidad asociada. OBJETIVO: Determinar las defunciones causadas por parasitosis endémicas e importadas en Chile, según región, sexo, grupo etario, procedencia urbana/rural y nivel educacional, y estimar tasas de mortalidad. MÉTODO: Estudio de base poblacional y serie de tiempo de mortalidad (1997 a 2020). Los análisis estadísticos fueron realizados mediante programas Excel y R Studio, cálculo de χ2, valor p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: 2.413 muertes fueron causadas por parásitos, 65,1% por protozoos, 33% por helmintos y 1,9% por artrópodos. La tasa promedio de mortalidad nacional fue de 0,6 por cada 100 mil habitantes. Las principales causas de fallecimiento fueron: enfermedad de Chagas (63,6%), hidatidosis (24,3%) y cisticercosis (8,1%). La mayoría de los fallecidos pertenecía a la Región de Coquimbo. La edad promedio de defunción fue de 74, 62 y 67 años para muertes por protozoos, helmintos y artrópodos, respectivamente. Las defunciones ocurrieron mayormente en hombres. La mayoría provenía de zona urbana y poseían un nivel educacional bajo. CONCLUSIONES: La enfermedad de Chagas es la principal causa de muerte por parasitosis en Chile.
BACKGROUND: Parasites are a public health problem due to their high prevalence in developing countries, their persistence in developed countries mainly due to the migration of people, and their associated morbidity and mortality. AIM: To determine the deaths in Chile caused by endemic and imported parasites; according to region, sex, age group, urban-rural origin and educational level, and mortality rates. METHOD: Population-based study, times series of mortality (1997 to 2020). Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and R Studio programs, calculation of χ2, p value < 0.05. RESULTS: 2,413 deaths occurred due to parasites, 65.1% by protozoa, 33% by helminths and 1.9% by arthropods. The average national mortality rate was 0.6 per 100.000 inhabitants. The main causes of death were Chagas disease (63.6%), hydatidosis (24.3%) and cysticercosis (8.1%). Most of the deceased belonged to the Coquimbo Region. The mean age of death was 74, 62 and 67 years old for deaths from protozoa, helminths and arthropods, respectively. Deaths occurred mostly in men. Most came from urban areas and had a low educational level. CONCLUSIONS: Chagas disease is the main cause of death from parasites in Chile.
